Java实现多线程的方法有以下几种:
- 继承Thread类:创建一个继承自Thread类的子类,并重写run方法,通过调用start方法启动线程。
class MyThread extends Thread { public void run() { // 线程执行的代码 } } public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { MyThread thread = new MyThread(); thread.start(); } }
- 实现Runnable接口:创建一个实现了Runnable接口的类,并实现run方法,通过创建Thread对象并将其作为参数传递,然后调用start方法启动线程。
class MyRunnable implements Runnable { public void run() { // 线程执行的代码 } } public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { MyRunnable runnable = new MyRunnable(); Thread thread = new Thread(runnable); thread.start(); } }
- 使用Callable和Future:创建一个实现了Callable接口的类,并实现call方法,通过创建ExecutorService线程池对象,调用submit方法提交任务并返回Future对象,通过调用Future对象的get方法获取线程执行结果。
import java.util.concurrent.Callable; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import java.util.concurrent.Future; class MyCallable implements Callable{ public Integer call() { // 线程执行的代码 return 0; } } public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { MyCallable callable = new MyCallable(); ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(); Future future = executor.submit(callable); try { Integer result = future.get(); System.out.println(result); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } executor.shutdown(); } }
- 使用线程池:创建一个ExecutorService线程池对象,通过调用execute方法提交任务,线程池会自动管理线程的创建和销毁。
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { executor.execute(new Runnable() { public void run() { // 线程执行的代码 } }); } executor.shutdown(); } }