springboot kafka怎样实现消息死信队列

在Spring Boot中配置Kafka消息死信队列，可以通过以下步骤实现：

1. 添加依赖： 首先，确保你的pom.xml文件中包含了Kafka和Spring Kafka的依赖。

   
       org.springframework.kafka
       spring-kafka
   
   
       org.apache.kafka
       kafka-clients
   
   

2. 配置Kafka： 在application.yml或application.properties文件中配置Kafka的连接信息。

   spring:
     kafka:
       bootstrap-servers: localhost:9092
       consumer:
         group-id: my-group
         auto-offset-reset: earliest
         key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
         value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
       producer:
         key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
         value-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
   

3. 定义死信队列： 在Kafka的配置文件中定义死信队列。例如，在application.yml中添加以下配置：

   kafka:
     consumer:
       properties:
         max.poll.records: 500
         enable.auto.commit: false
         auto.offset.reset: earliest
         group.id: my-group
         value.deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
         key.deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
         security.protocol: SSL
         ssl.truststore.location: classpath:truststore.jks
         ssl.truststore.password: password
         ssl.key.store.location: classpath:keystore.jks
         ssl.key.store.password: password
         ssl.key.password: password
         ssl.enabled: true
         properties.security.protocol: SSL
         properties.ssl.truststore.location: classpath:truststore.jks
         properties.ssl.truststore.password: password
         properties.ssl.key.store.location: classpath:keystore.jks
         properties.ssl.key.store.password: password
         properties.ssl.key.password: password
         properties.ssl.enabled: true
     listener:
       simple:
         consumer:
           max-poll-records: 500
           enable-auto-commit: false
           auto-offset-reset: earliest
           group-id: my-group
           value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
           key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
           security-protocol: SSL
           ssl-truststore-location: classpath:truststore.jks
           ssl-truststore-password: password
           ssl-key-store-location: classpath:keystore.jks
           ssl-key-store-password: password
           ssl-key-password: password
           ssl-enabled: true
         topics:
           - my-topic
         group-id: my-group
         auto-offset-reset: earliest
         key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
         value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
         security-protocol: SSL
         ssl-truststore-location: classpath:truststore.jks
         ssl-truststore-password: password
         ssl-key-store-location: classpath:keystore.jks
         ssl-key-store-password: password
         ssl-key-password: password
         ssl-enabled: true
   

4. 定义死信队列的消费者： 创建一个消费者来处理死信队列中的消息。

   import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
   import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecords;
   import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.KafkaConsumer;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
   
   @Service
   public class DeadLetterQueueConsumer {
   
       @Autowired
       private KafkaConsumer kafkaConsumer;
   
       @KafkaListener(topics = "${kafka.consumer.topics.dead-letter-topic}", groupId = "${kafka.consumer.group-id}")
       public void listen(ConsumerRecord record) {
           System.out.printf("Received record: key = %s, value = https://www.yisu.com/ask/%s, partition = %d, offset = %d%n",
                   record.key(), record.value(), record.partition(), record.offset());
           // 处理死信队列中的消息
       }
   }
   

5. 定义死信队列的生产者： 创建一个生产者来发送消息到死信队列。

   import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
   import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
   
   @Service
   public class DeadLetterQueueProducer {
   
       @Autowired
       private KafkaProducer kafkaProducer;
   
       public void sendToDeadLetterQueue(String topic, String message) {
           kafkaProducer.send(new ProducerRecord<>(topic, message));
       }
   }
   

6. 配置死信队列： 在Kafka的配置文件中定义死信队列。例如，在application.yml中添加以下配置：

   kafka:
     consumer:
       properties:
         max-poll-records: 500
         enable-auto-commit: false
         auto-offset-reset: earliest
         group-id: my-group
         value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
         key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
         security-protocol: SSL
         ssl-truststore-location: classpath:truststore.jks
         ssl-truststore-password: password
         ssl-key-store-location: classpath:keystore.jks
         ssl-key-store-password: password
         ssl-key-password: password
         ssl-enabled: true
     listener:
       simple:
         consumer:
           max-poll-records: 500
           enable-auto-commit: false
           auto-offset-reset: earliest
           group-id: my-group
           value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
           key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
           security-protocol: SSL
           ssl-truststore-location: classpath:truststore.jks
           ssl-truststore-password: password
           ssl-key-store-location: classpath:keystore.jks
           ssl-key-store-password: password
           ssl-key-password: password
           ssl-enabled: true
         topics:
           - my-topic
         group-id: my-group
         auto-offset-reset: earliest
         key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
         value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
         security-protocol: SSL
         ssl-truststore-location: classpath:truststore.jks
         ssl-truststore-password: password
         ssl-key-store-location: classpath:keystore.jks
         ssl-key-store-password: password
         ssl-key-password: password
         ssl-enabled: true
   

通过以上步骤，你就可以在Spring Boot中配置Kafka消息死信队列了。