在 Spring Boot 中整合 Kafka 消息确认机制,可以通过以下步骤实现:
- 添加依赖
在 pom.xml
文件中添加 Kafka 和 Spring Boot Kafka 相关的依赖:
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-kafka
- 配置 Kafka
在 application.yml
或 application.properties
文件中配置 Kafka 相关参数:
spring: kafka: bootstrap-servers: localhost:9092 consumer: group-id: my-group auto-offset-reset: earliest key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer producer: key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer value-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
- 创建消息生产者
创建一个消息生产者类,用于发送消息到 Kafka:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class KafkaProducer { @Autowired private KafkaTemplatekafkaTemplate; public void sendMessage(String topic, String message) { kafkaTemplate.send(topic, message); } }
- 创建消息消费者
创建一个消息消费者类,用于从 Kafka 消费消息:
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord; import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecords; import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.KafkaConsumer; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class KafkaConsumer { @Autowired private KafkaConsumerkafkaConsumer; @KafkaListener(topics = "my-topic", groupId = "my-group") public void listen(ConsumerRecord record) { System.out.printf("Received message: key = %s, value = https://www.yisu.com/ask/%s, partition = %d, offset = %d%n", record.key(), record.value(), record.partition(), record.offset()); } }
- 启用消息确认机制
在消费者类中启用消息确认机制,可以通过实现 AcknowledgingMessageListener
接口来实现:
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord; import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecords; import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.KafkaConsumer; import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.AcknowledgingMessageListener; import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.MessageListener; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class KafkaConsumer implements AcknowledgingMessageListener{ @Autowired private KafkaConsumer kafkaConsumer; @Override public void onMessage(ConsumerRecord record) { System.out.printf("Received message: key = %s, value = https://www.yisu.com/ask/%s, partition = %d, offset = %d%n", record.key(), record.value(), record.partition(), record.offset()); // 确认消息已处理 getKafkaListener().acknowledge(record); } @KafkaListener(topics = "my-topic", groupId = "my-group") public void listen(ConsumerRecord record) { onMessage(record); } @Override public void acknowledge(ConsumerRecord record) { // 确认消息已处理 } }
通过以上步骤,你可以在 Spring Boot 中整合 Kafka 消息确认机制。当消费者接收到消息后,会调用 acknowledge
方法来确认消息已处理。