hive建表中文乱码如何解决

在Hive中遇到中文乱码的问题，可能是因为Hive默认使用的编码方式不是UTF-8，导致无法正确存储和显示中文字符。解决方法如下：

1. 在创建表时指定字符集为UTF-8：

CREATE TABLE table_name (
    column1 STRING,
    column2 INT
)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
STORED AS TEXTFILE
TBLPROPERTIES ("charset"="utf8");

2. 在Hive配置文件hive-site.xml中设置默认字符集为UTF-8：

  hive.default.charset
  utf8

3. 修改Hive会话的字符集：

SET hive.cli.print.header=true;
SET hive.cli.print.current.db=true;
SET hive.cli.print.header=true;
SET hive.cli.print.current.db=true;
SET hive.resultset.use.unique.column.names=false;
SET mapred.reduce.tasks=1;
SET hive.metastore.warehouse.dir=/user/hive/warehouse;
SET hive.support.concurrency=false;
SET hive.enforce.bucketing=true;
SET hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict;
SET hive.txn.manager=org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.lockmgr.DbTxnManager;
SET hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict;
SET hive.exec.dynamic.partition=true;
SET hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict;
SET hive.execution.engine=tez;
SET hive.execution.engine=mr;
SET hive.exec.parallel=true;
SET hive.exec.compress.output=true;
SET hive.exec.compress.intermediate=true;
SET hive.exec.reducers.bytes.per.reducer=128000000;
SET hive.exec.reducers.max=1099;
SET hive.exec.reducers.min=1;
SET mapred.reduce.tasks=8;
SET mapred.map.tasks=8;
SET mapred.max.split.size=268435456;
SET hive.exec.max.dynamic.partitions=100000;
SET hive.exec.max.dynamic.partitions.pernode=100000;
SET hive.exec.max.created.files=100000;
SET mapreduce.job.queuename=default;
SET hive.exec.submitviachild=true;
SET hive.downloaded.resources.dir=/tmp/$USER/hive_resources;
SET hive.scratch.dir=/tmp/$USER/hive_scratch;
SET hive.server2.enable.impersonation=true;
SET hive.mapred.local.mode=true;
SET hive.auto.convert.join=true;
SET hive.mapjoin.smalltable.filesize=25000000;
SET hive.auto.convert.join.noconditionaltask=true;
SET hive.compute.query.using.stats=true;
SET hive.stats.fetch.column.stats=true;
SET hive.stats.fetch.partition.stats=true;
SET hive.security.authorization.sqlstd.confwhitelist.append=false;
SET hive.strict.checks.large.query=true;
SET hive.stats.autogather=true;
SET hive.stats.autogather=true;
SET hive.compute.query.using.stats=true;
SET hive.stats.fetch.column.stats=true;
SET hive.stats.fetch.partition.stats=true;
SET hive.security.authorization.sqlstd.confwhitelist.append=false;
SET hive.strict.checks.large.query=true;
SET hive.exec.reducers.max=1099;
SET hive.security.authorization.enabled=false;
SET hive.cli.print.header=true;
SET hive.cli.print.current.db=true;
SET hive.mapred.reduce.tasks=1;
SET hive.metastore.warehouse.dir=/user/hive/warehouse;
SET hive.support.concurrency=false;
SET hive.enforce.bucketing=true;
SET hive.txn.manager=org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.lockmgr.DbTxnManager;
SET hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict;
SET hive.exec.dynamic.partition=true;
SET hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict;
SET hive.execution.engine=tez;
SET hive.execution.engine=mr;
SET hive.exec.parallel=true;
SET hive.exec.compress.output=true;
SET hive.exec.compress.intermediate=true;
SET hive.exec.reducers.bytes.per.reducer=128000000;
SET hive.exec.reducers.max=1099;
SET hive.exec.reducers.min=1;
SET mapred.reduce.tasks=8;
SET mapred.map.tasks=8;
SET mapred.max.split.size=268435456;
SET hive.exec.max.dynamic.partitions=100000;
SET hive.exec.max.dynamic.partitions.pernode=100000;
SET hive.exec.max.created.files=100000;
SET mapreduce.job.queuename=default;
SET hive.exec.submitviachild=true;
SET hive.downloaded.resources.dir=/tmp/$USER/hive_resources;
SET hive.scratch.dir=/tmp/$USER/hive_scratch;
SET hive.server2.enable.impersonation=true;
SET hive.mapred.local.mode=true;
SET hive.auto.convert.join=true;
SET hive.mapjoin.smalltable.filesize=25000000;
SET hive.auto.convert.join.noconditionaltask=true;
SET hive.compute.query.using.stats=true;
SET hive.stats.fetch.column.stats=true;
SET hive.stats.fetch.partition.stats=true;
SET hive.security.authorization