在CentOS上实现负载均衡可以通过多种方法,以下是几种常见的方法:
使用LVS(Linux Virtual Server)和Keepalived实现高可用负载均衡
- 安装LVS和Keepalived
首先,安装LVS和Keepalived。可以使用以下命令:
yum install ipvsadm keepalived -y
- 配置LVS
创建一个LVS配置文件,例如lvs.cf
,并添加后端真实服务器和虚拟服务:
ipvsadm -C ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.1.100:80 -r 192.168.1.101:80 -m ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.1.100:80 -r 192.168.1.102:80 -m ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.1.100:80 -s rr ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.1.100:80 -r 192.168.1.103:80 -g
- 配置Keepalived
在主负载均衡器上配置Keepalived:
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
添加以下内容:
vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER interface eth0 virtual_router_id 51 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 密码 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.1.100 } }
在备份负载均衡器上进行类似的配置,将state
设置为BACKUP
,并将priority
设置为较低的值。
- 启动服务
启动LVS和Keepalived服务:
systemctl start ipvsadm systemctl start keepalived
使用Nginx实现负载均衡
- 安装Nginx
使用以下命令安装Nginx:
yum install nginx -y
- 配置Nginx
编辑Nginx配置文件,例如/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
,添加以下内容:
http { upstream backend { server backend1.example.com; server backend2.example.com; } server { listen 80; server_name example.com; location / { proxy_pass http://backend; } } }
- 启动Nginx
启动Nginx服务:
systemctl start nginx systemctl enable nginx
使用HAProxy实现负载均衡
- 安装HAProxy
使用以下命令安装HAProxy:
yum install haproxy -y
- 配置HAProxy
编辑HAProxy配置文件,例如/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
,添加以下内容:
global log /dev/log local0 log /dev/log local1 notice maxconn 4096 tune.ssl.default-dh-param 2048 defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull retries 3 timeout http-request 10s timeout queue 1m timeout connect 10s timeout client 1m timeout server 1m frontend http-in bind *:80 default_backend servers backend servers balance roundrobin server backend1 192.168.0.101:80 check server backend2 192.168.0.102:80 check
- 启动HAProxy
启动HAProxy服务:
systemctl start haproxy systemctl enable haproxy
以上是在CentOS上实现负载均衡的几种常见方法。根据具体需求和环境,可以选择适合的负载均衡方案。