在Ubuntu系统中,使用PHP-FPM(FastCGI Process Manager)实现负载均衡可以通过多种方式来完成。以下是一些常见的方法:
方法一:使用Nginx作为反向代理
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安装Nginx:
sudo apt update sudo apt install nginx
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配置Nginx: 编辑Nginx配置文件(通常位于
/etc/nginx/sites-available/default
),添加或修改以下内容:server { listen 80; server_name example.com; location / { root /var/www/html; index index.php index.html index.htm; try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } location ~ \.php$ { include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock; # 根据你的PHP版本调整 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } }
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启用配置: 创建符号链接以启用配置:
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/default /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
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重启Nginx:
sudo systemctl restart nginx
方法二:使用HAProxy作为负载均衡器
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安装HAProxy:
sudo apt update sudo apt install haproxy
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配置HAProxy: 编辑HAProxy配置文件(通常位于
/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
),添加以下内容:global log /dev/log local0 log /dev/log local1 notice daemon defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull timeout connect 5000ms timeout client 50000ms timeout server 50000ms frontend http_front bind *:80 default_backend http_back backend http_back balance roundrobin server server1 192.168.1.101:80 check server server2 192.168.1.102:80 check
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重启HAProxy:
sudo systemctl restart haproxy
方法三:使用PHP-FPM集群
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安装多个PHP-FPM实例: 你可以为每个PHP-FPM实例配置不同的socket文件。
sudo cp /etc/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www.conf /etc/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www1.conf sudo cp /etc/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www.conf /etc/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www2.conf
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编辑配置文件: 编辑
www1.conf
和www2.conf
,修改listen
参数:; www1.conf listen = /run/php/php7.4-fpm-www1.sock ; www2.conf listen = /run/php/php7.4-fpm-www2.sock
-
重启PHP-FPM:
sudo systemctl restart php7.4-fpm
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配置Nginx: 编辑Nginx配置文件,添加多个
fastcgi_pass
指令:server { listen 80; server_name example.com; location / { root /var/www/html; index index.php index.html index.htm; try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } location ~ \.php$ { include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm-www1.sock; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } location /api/ { root /var/www/html; index index.php index.html index.htm; try_files $uri $uri/ =404; location ~ \.php$ { include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm-www2.sock; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } }
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重启Nginx:
sudo systemctl restart nginx
通过以上方法,你可以在Ubuntu系统中使用PHP-FPM实现负载均衡。选择哪种方法取决于你的具体需求和环境。