python外部命令如何实现命令并行执行

在Python中，可以使用multiprocessing库来实现外部命令的并行执行。multiprocessing库允许你创建多个进程，每个进程可以独立地执行任务。这样，你可以同时运行多个外部命令，从而提高程序的执行效率。

以下是一个使用multiprocessing库实现外部命令并行执行的示例：

import subprocess
from multiprocessing import Process

def run_command(command):
    process = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)
    output, error = process.communicate()
    if process.returncode != 0:
        print(f"Error occurred while running command '{command}':\n{error.decode('utf-8')}")
    else:
        print(f"Command '{command}' executed successfully:\n{output.decode('utf-8')}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    commands = [
        "echo 'Command 1'",
        "echo 'Command 2'",
        "echo 'Command 3'"
    ]

    # 创建并启动多个进程
    processes = [Process(target=run_command, args=(command,)) for command in commands]
    for process in processes:
        process.start()

    # 等待所有进程完成
    for process in processes:
        process.join()