要实现C语言中的多项式计算,可以采用以下步骤:
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定义多项式的数据结构,可以使用数组或链表来表示多项式的每一项。每一项可以包括系数和指数。
typedef struct { int coefficient; // 系数 int exponent; // 指数 } Term; typedef struct { Term terms[MAX_TERMS]; // 多项式的项 int count; // 多项式的项数 } Polynomial;
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实现多项式的输入函数,用来从用户输入中获取多项式的系数和指数,并将其保存到多项式的数据结构中。
void input(Polynomial *poly) { printf("输入多项式的项数:"); scanf("%d", &(poly->count)); printf("输入多项式的系数和指数:\n"); for (int i = 0; i < poly->count; i++) { printf("第%d项:", i + 1); scanf("%d %d", &(poly->terms[i].coefficient), &(poly->terms[i].exponent)); } }
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实现多项式的加法函数,用来将两个多项式相加,并将结果保存到第一个多项式中。
void add(Polynomial *poly1, Polynomial *poly2) { int i = 0, j = 0, k = 0; while (i < poly1->count && j < poly2->count) { if (poly1->terms[i].exponent > poly2->terms[j].exponent) { poly1->terms[k++] = poly1->terms[i++]; } else if (poly1->terms[i].exponent < poly2->terms[j].exponent) { poly1->terms[k++] = poly2->terms[j++]; } else { poly1->terms[k].coefficient = poly1->terms[i].coefficient + poly2->terms[j].coefficient; poly1->terms[k++].exponent = poly1->terms[i].exponent; i++; j++; } } for (; i < poly1->count; i++) { poly1->terms[k++] = poly1->terms[i]; } for (; j < poly2->count; j++) { poly1->terms[k++] = poly2->terms[j]; } poly1->count = k; }
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实现多项式的乘法函数,用来将两个多项式相乘,并将结果保存到第一个多项式中。
void multiply(Polynomial *poly1, Polynomial *poly2) { Polynomial temp; temp.count = 0; for (int i = 0; i < poly1->count; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < poly2->count; j++) { temp.terms[temp.count].coefficient = poly1->terms[i].coefficient * poly2->terms[j].coefficient; temp.terms[temp.count].exponent = poly1->terms[i].exponent + poly2->terms[j].exponent; temp.count++; } } for (int i = 0; i < temp.count; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < temp.count; j++) { if (temp.terms[i].exponent == temp.terms[j].exponent) { temp.terms[i].coefficient += temp.terms[j].coefficient; temp.terms[j].coefficient = 0; } } } int k = 0; for (int i = 0; i < temp.count; i++) { if (temp.terms[i].coefficient != 0) { poly1->terms[k++] = temp.terms[i]; } } poly1->count = k; }
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实现多项式的输出函数,用来将多项式的内容输出到屏幕上。
void display(Polynomial *poly) { printf("多项式的项数:%d\n", poly->count); for (int i = 0; i < poly->count; i++) { printf("%dx^%d ", poly->terms[i].coefficient, poly->terms